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Establishment and Characterization of Patient-Derived Xenograft Models of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma and Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

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Impact of Subtype Variability on Clinical Features in Papillary Thyroid Cancer.

Jun Sung Lee¹, Nam Kyung Kim¹, Ho Jung Jeong^1,2

¹Department of Surgery, Thyroid Cancer Center, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Institute of Refractory Thyroid Cancer, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, South Korea.

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism

|November 19, 2025

Summary

Patients with mixed thyroid cancer subtypes, including conventional with aggressive or nonaggressive types, show more severe clinical features. This highlights the need for careful postoperative management in these complex cases.

Keywords:

cancer subtypes cross-sectional study papillary thyroid cancer

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Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Oncology
Surgical Pathology

Background:

Thyroid cancer presents diverse subtypes, categorized as aggressive or nonaggressive.
Existing research often analyzes subtypes individually, neglecting co-occurring conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate clinical features of patients with simultaneous, mixed thyroid cancer subtypes.
To compare these features against single-subtype presentations.

Main Methods:

A single-center, cross-sectional study of 26,449 thyroid cancer patients undergoing surgery in Korea (March 2009-December 2021).
Patients were grouped based on papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) subtypes: conventional, aggressive, nonaggressive, conventional with aggressive, and conventional with nonaggressive.
Statistical analysis compared patient characteristics and clinical features across groups.

Main Results:

Significant variations in clinical features were observed among different PTC subtype combinations.
Patients with combined conventional and aggressive subtypes displayed more aggressive characteristics than those with only the conventional subtype.
Similarly, patients with combined conventional and nonaggressive subtypes showed more aggressive features than those with only the nonaggressive subtype.

Conclusions:

Mixed thyroid cancer subtypes are associated with more severe clinical features than single subtypes.
These findings underscore the importance of cautious postoperative management for patients with mixed thyroid cancer subtypes.