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Three-dimensional navigation for talocalcaneal coalition resection: A comparative analysis.

Jacob Schaefer1, Emil Varas-Rodriguez1, Quinn Johnson1

  • 1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905.

The Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery : Official Publication of the American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons
|November 19, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

3D navigation for talocalcaneal (TC) coalition excision offers precise guidance without increasing surgical time or radiation exposure compared to traditional methods. This technique provides comparable outcomes for operative time, blood loss, and hospital stay.

Keywords:
3D NavigationPediatricsTalocalcaneal coalition

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Medical Technology
  • Foot and Ankle Surgery

Background:

  • Talocalcaneal (TC) coalition involves abnormal bone fusion between the talus and calcaneus.
  • This condition leads to restricted subtalar motion, chronic pain, recurrent ankle sprains, and rigid flatfoot.
  • Current surgical treatments involve traditional open resection techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the efficacy and outcomes of 3D-navigation-assisted resection versus traditional open techniques for talocalcaneal coalition.
  • To evaluate operative time, blood loss, hospital stay, and complications between the two surgical approaches.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective review of patients undergoing talocalcaneal coalition resection was conducted.
  • The study included a cohort of 12 patients (14 feet) using 3D navigation and a control group of 4 patients (5 feet) with traditional open surgery.
  • Key metrics analyzed included operative time, anesthesia time, tourniquet time, blood loss, hospital stay, complications, and radiation dose.

Main Results:

  • No statistically significant differences were observed in operative time, blood loss, hospital stay, anesthesia time, or tourniquet time between the navigated and traditional groups.
  • The navigated group showed a trend towards shorter postoperative immobilization, though not statistically significant.
  • Two complications occurred in the navigated group: delayed wound healing in an obese patient and a superficial skin infection.

Conclusions:

  • Intraoperative 3D navigation provides precise guidance for talocalcaneal coalition excision without significantly increasing surgical time.
  • The navigated approach demonstrated comparable operative time, blood loss, and hospital stay to traditional non-navigated methods.
  • 3D navigation offers a precise alternative with a comparable effective radiation dose to traditional intraoperative fluoroscopy.