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Implicit learning across varying temporal scales in individuals with and without mood instability
L Z Atkinson1, N Zokaei2, P Panchal1
1Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Journal of Affective Disorders
|November 19, 2025
Summary
Individuals with high mood instability, indicated by the Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ), show impaired daily learning. Digital monitoring reveals difficulties in detecting patterns across days, impacting cognitive function in psychiatric disorders.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry
- Cognitive Neuroscience
- Digital Health
Background:
- Mood instability and cognitive impairment are key features of psychiatric disorders like bipolar disorder (BD).
- The longitudinal relationship between simultaneous mood and cognitive measures remains under-explored.
- Digital remote monitoring offers a novel approach to capture these dynamics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between mood instability and cognitive function using digital remote monitoring.
- To assess implicit learning across different temporal scales in individuals with varying mood instability.
- To evaluate the feasibility of concurrent, high-frequency monitoring of mood and cognition.
Main Methods:
- A 10-week prospective study comparing a high Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ) group with a low MDQ group.
- Utilized digital remote monitoring for daily mood ratings and a contextual cueing task assessing implicit learning.
- Measured learning slopes across days and within experimental sessions over 10 weeks.
Main Results:
- High MDQ participants exhibited shallower learning slopes for contextual cueing across days, indicating impaired long-term pattern detection.
- No significant association was found between mood instability and reaction time instability for novel targets.
- Learning slopes were steeper for frequently repeated targets, confirming contextual cueing effectiveness over various temporal scales.
Conclusions:
- Individuals with high mood instability struggle to detect and integrate stimulus regularities over extended periods (days).
- Concurrent digital monitoring of mood and cognition is feasible and valuable for understanding mood-cognition interplay.
- Findings suggest potential cognitive deficits in pattern detection related to mood instability in psychiatric conditions.
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