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Primary Gastric Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma.

Yuhei Sakata1, Tetsuya Ikeda1, Tsubasa Yamaguchi1

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka City General Hospital, Japan.

Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan)
|November 19, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Primary gastric alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a rare, aggressive cancer. This case report details a fatal outcome despite multimodal therapy, underscoring the need for integrated diagnostics in managing this rare gastric tumor.

Keywords:
FOXO1 rearrangementalveolar rhabdomyosarcomacase reportgastric tumorperitoneal dissemination

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Primary gastric alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is an exceptionally rare malignancy.
  • This condition often presents with non-specific symptoms, delaying diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a rare case of primary gastric alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma.
  • To highlight the aggressive clinical course and diagnostic challenges associated with this rare tumor.

Main Methods:

  • Case presentation of a 32-year-old male with gastric mass.
  • Diagnostic workup included imaging (CT/MRI), endoscopy, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry (desmin, myogenin).

Main Results:

  • Imaging revealed a gastric mass with peritoneal dissemination and vertebral metastasis.
  • Histopathology confirmed small round cells in an alveolar pattern, positive for desmin and myogenin.
  • The patient experienced rapid disease progression and succumbed to septic shock within 10 days of initiating multimodal therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Primary gastric alveolar RMS is an aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis.
  • Integrated diagnostic approaches, including histopathology and immunohistochemistry, are crucial for accurate diagnosis and management of gastric rhabdomyosarcoma.