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[Examining the origin and evolution of 'Jiao Chang']
1China Institute for History of Chinese Medicine and Medical Literature, CACMS, Beijing 100700, China.
Zhonghua Yi Shi Za Zhi (Beijing, China : 1980)
|November 19, 2025
Summary
Jiao Chang, a historical disease, involves abnormal passages between urinary, reproductive, and digestive tracts. Modern understanding links it to fistulas, often occurring postpartum.
Area of Science:
- Medical History
- Philology
- Historiography
Background:
- Jiao Chang's conceptual understanding has been inconsistent throughout medical history.
- The disease's definition evolved from symptom descriptions to specific pathological causes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically examine the origin and evolution of Jiao Chang's connotation.
- To clarify the historical understanding and modern classification of Jiao Chang.
Main Methods:
- Philological analysis of ancient and contemporary medical texts.
- Historiographical examination of the disease's development.
- Conceptual history to trace the evolution of Jiao Chang's meaning.
Main Results:
- Jiao Chang originated from descriptions of perineal symptoms and abnormal discharge.
- The disease was named in the Yuan Dynasty, characterized by fecal-urinary translocation, especially postpartum.
- It is now understood as rectourethral, rectovesical, or rectovaginal fistulas.
Conclusions:
- Jiao Chang historically refers to fecal matter discharging through the urethra or vagina, and urine from the anus.
- The disease involves fistulas connecting urinary, reproductive, and digestive tracts.
- Modern medicine aligns Jiao Chang with various fistula conditions, often postpartum.
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