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Long-term glycemic exposure, glycemic control stability and incident calcific aortic valve disease: A prospective

Maoxiang Zhao1, Yang Liu2, Wei Huang3

  • 1Department of Interventional Center of Valvular Heart Disease, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing, China.

Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism
|November 19, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Long-term high blood glucose levels and type 2 diabetes increase the risk of calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD). Maintaining healthy glucose control may help prevent CAVD.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is a prevalent condition, yet the influence of glycemic factors on its development is not fully understood.
  • The association between long-term glucose exposure and CAVD risk requires further investigation, especially in Asian populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between serum glucose levels, glycemic control, and the risk of developing CAVD.
  • To examine the impact of long-term glucose changes on CAVD incidence.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 10,309 participants without prior cardiovascular disease or CAVD was recruited from the Kailuan Study.
  • CAVD cases were identified via electronic medical records, with glucose changes calculated from three prior surveys.
  • Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to analyze associations over a median follow-up of 4.62 years.

Main Results:

  • A total of 2062 CAVD cases were diagnosed during the follow-up period.
  • Type 2 diabetes was associated with a 1.42-fold increased hazard for CAVD.
  • Elevated time-weighted average (TWA) fasting blood glucose (FBG) and cumulative FBG levels increased CAVD risk, while FBG time in target range (TTR) showed a protective association.

Conclusions:

  • Long-term elevated FBG levels, changes in FBG, and type 2 diabetes are significantly associated with an increased risk of CAVD.
  • Achieving and maintaining healthy glucose status may serve as a crucial preventive strategy for CAVD.
Abstract

Keywords:
aortic valve calcificationdiabetesglucoseprospective study

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