Prediction of Factors Contributing to Continued Voiding Dysfunction in Patients with Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Postoperative voiding dysfunction has been observed soon after surgically correcting pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and stress urinary incontinence, but it often resolves after a few months postoperatively. The causes of continued voiding dysfunction after POP repair remain unclear. The present study investigated significant predictors of postoperative prolonged voiding dysfunction.

The study enrolled 174 patients who underwent surgery for POP at our hospital, including 90 and 84 patients treated with laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy and transvaginal mesh surgery, respectively. Prolonged voiding dysfunction is defined as postvoid residual (PVR) urine volume of ≥100 mL at 3 months postoperatively. Pearson's Chi-squared test and multiple logistic regression analysis were conducted to assess independent factors for prolonged voiding dysfunction.

Pearson's Chi-squared test revealed that patients with PVR of ≥100 mL preoperatively and PVR of ≥100 mL at 2-3 days or 1 month postoperatively, as well as postoperative catheter usage demonstrated a greater association with PVR of >100 mL at 3 months postoperatively. Multiple logistic regression analysis exhibited only PVR of ≥100 mL at 1 month postoperatively as an independent factor for PVR of ≥100 mL at 3 months postoperatively in the multivariate analysis (odds ratio: 42.79; 95% confidence interval: 3.776-484.8405; P = 0.0024).

PVR of ≥100 mL at 1 month postoperatively may be a significant predictor of PVR of ≥100 mL at 3 months postoperatively. Appropriate management should be given to patients with PVR of ≥100 mL at 1 month postoperatively to prevent long-term urinary problems.