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Current Trends in Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Pathogens in Urinary Tract Infections in Children in Karaganda,
Shynar Yeleupayeva1,2, Aigul Dinmukhamedova1, Roman Aizman3
1Department of General Biology and Genomics, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana, Kazakhstan.
Insights
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children show increasing antibiotic resistance with age. Periodic monitoring of uropathogens is crucial for tracking multidrug-resistant strains.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric infectious diseases
- Microbiology
- Antimicrobial resistance
Background:
- Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a significant health concern in children, leading to frequent hospitalizations and imposing a substantial socioeconomic burden.
- Understanding antibiotic resistance patterns in pediatric UTIs is essential for effective treatment and public health management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze antibiotic resistance patterns of common uropathogens in children.
- To assess the influence of patient age and sex on these resistance patterns.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective cohort study was conducted in Karaganda, Kazakhstan, from 2017 to 2022.
- Uropathogen identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed using standard microbiological methods and the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method.
- Data were analyzed for two pediatric age groups: 0-12 months and 13-60 months.
Main Results:
- Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, and Staphylococcus epidermidis were the most prevalent uropathogens.
- High resistance rates were observed for amoxicillin and erythromycin across both age groups.
- Imipenem, amikacin, and meropenem showed effectiveness against E. coli, while ceftriaxone was active against Gram-positive cocci.
- Multidrug resistance was observed in 34% of uropathogens, with a notable increase in prevalence with age (28% in Group I vs. 43% in Group II).
Conclusions:
- A progressive increase in multidrug-resistant uropathogens was observed with increasing age in the pediatric population.
- Regular surveillance of uropathogens is vital for monitoring the emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant strains in children.
Background:
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in children and result in frequent hospitalization, creating a social and economic burden for parents and the healthcare system. This study analyzes the patterns of antibiotic resistance of dominant uropathogens and assesses the impact of patient age and sex on these patterns.
Methods:
This retrospective cohort study was conducted in Karaganda, Kazakhstan, between 2017 and 2022. Antibiotic resistance was assessed in two age groups: 0-12 months (Group I) and 13-60 months (Group II). Standard microbiological methods were used to identify UTI pathogens, and antibiotic resistance patterns were determined using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method.
Results:
Among the 519 isolates (68.1%) from 762 children, the most common pathogens were Escherichia coli (170, 32.7%), Enterococcus faecalis (80, 15.4%), and Staphylococcus epidermidiss (46, 8.9%) in both age groups. Antimicrobial resistance in common pathogens in Groups I and II was high for amoxicillin (33 isolates, 76.7% and 45 isolates, 73.8%) and erythromycin (14 isolates, 73.7% and five isolates, 55.5%). Imipenem (31 isolates, 94%), amikacin (45 isolates, 90%) , and meropenem (47 isolates, 87%) were effective against E. coli, whereas ceftriaxone (31 isolates, 97%) was more active against Gram-positive cocci. 157 (34%) uropatogens were resistant to multiple drugs, increasing with age 72: (28%) (Group I) and 85 (43%) (Group II).
Conclusion:
The study demonstrated a progressive increase in the prevalence of multidrug-resistant uropathogens with age in the pediatric population. Periodic monitoring of uropathogens helps track the growth of multidrug-resistant strains.
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