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Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications

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A Highly Conductive Halospinel Cathode for All-Solid-State Batteries.

Julian F Baumgärtner^1,2, Daniel Isler^1,2, Hung Quoc Nguyen³

¹Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland.

ACS Energy Letters

|November 20, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Halospinels, like iron-based Li2-xFeCl4 (LFC), offer superior conductivity for high-power lithium-ion batteries. This research highlights LFC

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Energy Storage

Background:

High-power lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) require cathode active materials (CAMs) with excellent ionic and electronic conductivity.
Oxospinels are commonly used CAMs but have limitations in transport properties.
There is a need for advanced CAMs that utilize earth-abundant elements.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate halospinels as a novel class of CAMs for LIBs.
To demonstrate the potential of iron-based halospinels for enhanced battery performance.
To explore the use of Li2-xFeCl4 (LFC) as a model CAM in all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs).

Main Methods:

Synthesis and characterization of spinel-type Li2-xFeCl4 (LFC).
Fabrication of cathodes using micron-sized LFC particles.
Electrochemical testing of LFC in an all-solid-state battery configuration.
Evaluation of ionic and electronic conductivity of LFC.

Main Results:

Halospinels exhibit significantly enhanced ionic and electronic transport properties compared to oxospinels.
LFC demonstrates high ionic-electronic conductivity, enabling efficient ion and electron transport.
Cathodes fabricated with micron-sized LFC particles achieved high areal capacity (>2 mA h cm-2) at practical current densities (0.5 mA cm-2).
Stable cycling performance exceeding 200 cycles was observed for LFC-based ASSBs.

Conclusions:

Li2-xFeCl4 (LFC) is a promising cathode active material for high-performance LIBs.
Halospinels offer a viable alternative to traditional oxospinels, enabling the use of earth-abundant metals like iron.
The findings pave the way for cost-effective and high-performance all-solid-state batteries.