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Implementation science research in the intensive care unit: a scoping review
Yingxue Sun1, Min Ding2, Cong-Cong Liu1
1Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
BMJ Open
|November 20, 2025
Summary
This review identifies implementation science frameworks used in intensive care units (ICUs). Findings highlight the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) as a key tool for bridging evidence and practice gaps in critical care.
Area of Science:
- Implementation Science
- Critical Care Medicine
- Evidence-Based Practice
Background:
- The translation of evidence-based practice into intensive care unit (ICU) settings is crucial for improving patient outcomes.
- Implementation science offers theoretical frameworks and methodologies to facilitate this translation.
- Understanding the application of these frameworks in the ICU is essential for advancing research and practice.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify theoretical frameworks of implementation science utilized in ICUs.
- To determine factors influencing implementation success in the ICU.
- To assess the effectiveness of theory-guided interventions in the ICU.
Main Methods:
- A scoping review was conducted following Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines.
- Searches were performed across PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and EBSCO, including English-language studies on implementation science in the ICU.
- Data extraction and synthesis involved two independent researchers screening titles, abstracts, and full texts of retrieved articles.
Main Results:
- Thirteen articles were included, comprising qualitative, mixed-methods, quasi-experimental, and prospective observational studies.
- The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) was the most frequently applied theoretical framework (seven studies), followed by the Implementation-guided Research in Health Services (i-PARIHS) framework (two studies).
- The literature demonstrates the utility of implementation science in reducing the gap between research evidence and clinical practice in the ICU.
Conclusions:
- Implementing accelerated evidence-based practice in ICUs requires strategic support.
- Further implementation science research in ICUs is needed to enhance evidence translation.
- These efforts are vital for improving the quality of nursing practice in critical care settings.
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