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Non-coding RNAs in programmed cell death regulation in melanoma: mechanisms and therapeutic insights

Yang Liu1, Chenqi Guo1, Yunsheng He2

  • 1Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 301617, Tianjin, China.

Discover Oncology
|November 20, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are crucial regulators of cell death in melanoma. This review explores how ncRNAs influence various cell death types, offering potential therapeutic and diagnostic targets for this deadly skin cancer.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Melanoma incidence is rising globally, posing a significant public health challenge.
  • Metastatic melanoma remains difficult to treat, with resistance to cell death being a key factor.
  • Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are emerging as critical regulators of cellular processes, including programmed cell death.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review the role of ncRNAs in regulating diverse cell death modalities in melanoma.
  • To highlight the dual role of ncRNAs as potential drivers or inhibitors of tumor progression.
  • To underscore the therapeutic and diagnostic potential of ncRNAs in melanoma management.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent research on ncRNAs and cell death in melanoma.
  • Analysis of ncRNA involvement in specific programmed cell death pathways.
  • Synthesis of findings regarding ncRNA functions in melanoma development and treatment resistance.

Main Results:

  • ncRNAs can act as either pro-tumorigenic (promoting cell death resistance) or anti-tumorigenic (inducing cell death) agents in melanoma.
  • Specific ncRNAs are implicated in regulating apoptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, autophagy, necroptosis, anoikis, cuproptosis, and netosis.
  • Dysregulation of ncRNAs contributes to melanoma's hallmark of treatment resistance.

Conclusions:

  • ncRNAs represent a complex regulatory network influencing melanoma cell fate.
  • Targeting ncRNAs offers promising avenues for novel melanoma therapies.
  • ncRNAs hold potential as valuable biomarkers for melanoma diagnosis and prognosis.
Keywords:
ApoptosisAutophagyBiomarkersMelanomaNon-coding RNAProgrammed cell deathTreatment resistance

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