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Automated Insulin Delivery Beyond Glycemic Outcomes: Endpoints and Evidence.
Hanna C Jones1,2, Steven Trawley1,3, Alicia J Jenkins1,2,4,5
1Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics
|November 20, 2025
Summary
Automated insulin delivery (AID) systems effectively manage glucose for diabetes. Beyond glucose, assessing AID
Area of Science:
- Diabetes Technology
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic Diseases
Background:
- Automated insulin delivery (AID) systems are established therapies for type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
- Current assessments of AID systems primarily focus on glycemic control.
- Diabetes management encompasses more than just glucose levels.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the necessity of evaluating automated insulin delivery (AID) systems beyond glycemic parameters.
- To highlight the importance of a comprehensive assessment of AID system effectiveness.
Main Methods:
- This review analyzes existing literature on automated insulin delivery (AID) systems.
- It discusses the expansion of outcome measures for AID system evaluation.
- The review considers various parameters beyond glycemic control.
Main Results:
- Glycemic control is a primary benefit of AID systems.
- There is a recognized need to assess additional outcomes for AID systems.
- These include chronic complications, quality of life, device reliability, health economics, and sustainability.
Conclusions:
- Comprehensive evaluation of AID systems requires endpoints beyond glycemic control.
- Standardized questionnaires and surrogate endpoints can aid in assessing long-term risks and patient-reported outcomes.
- Balancing glycemic optimization with reduced disease burden and technology challenges is crucial for AID system implementation.
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