Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 3, 2026

Culturing Human Pluripotent and Neural Stem Cells in an Enclosed Cell Culture System for Basic and Preclinical Research
Published on: June 10, 2016
Erratum to "The spatiotemporal dynamics of conditioned behavior: First-order and higher-order conditioning" by
Abstract:
Reports an error in "The spatiotemporal dynamics of conditioned behavior: First-order and higher-order conditioning" by Victor M. Navarro, Dominic M. Dwyer and Robert C. Honey (Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition, 2025[Apr], Vol 51[2], 92-102; see record 2026-02046-003). The article had the incorrect open access license listed in the author note due to a processing error. The correct open access license for the article is CC BY 4.0; https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0. The online version of this article has been corrected. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2026-02046-003). Pavlovian conditioning procedures generate spatially and temporally distinct behaviors. For example, after rats have received pairings of a lever with food, they approach the food well during the lever (called goal-tracking) and interact with it (called sign-tracking), with these two spatially distinct behaviors being distributed differently across the temporal duration of the lever. Experiment 1 assessed the development of these spatiotemporally defined behaviors during first-order conditioning, as a function of the sequence in which the lever and food occurred (lever→food or food→lever) and the interval between them (1 s or 11 s). In Experiment 2, the same rats received higher-order conditioning trials in which an auditory stimulus was paired with the lever and the emergence of goal-tracking to the auditory stimulus was assessed. The results of Experiments 1 and 2 revealed dissociations between where and when learning was evident during first- and higher-order conditioning, underscoring the need for models of Pavlovian conditioning to explain both the nature and timing of different conditioned responses. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).
Related Concept Videos
Behaviorism
The core premise of behaviorism is its focus on observable behavior rather than internal thoughts or feelings. This approach argues that true scientific...
Classical Conditioning
Ivan Pavlov observed that dogs...
Principles of Classical Conditioning
During the...
Real-World Application of Classical Conditioning
Higher-order, or second-order, conditioning occurs when a neutral stimulus becomes associated with an already established conditioned stimulus through repeated pairings. For instance, if a dog has been...
Law of Effect
Edward Thorndike's foundational work involved studying learning in animals, particularly using puzzle...
Instinctive Drift

