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Updated: Jan 10, 2026

A "Plug-And-Display" Nanoparticle Vaccine Platform Based on Outer Membrane Vesicles Displaying SARS-CoV-2 Receptor-Binding Domain

A "Plug-And-Display" Nanoparticle Vaccine Platform Based on Outer Membrane Vesicles Displaying SARS-CoV-2 Receptor-Binding Domain

Published on: July 25, 2022

Antibiotic vesicles based on peptide-polymer complex coacervation.

Thomas Daniel Vogelaar¹, Kuno Schwärzer², Jan Skov Pedersen³

¹Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Postboks 1033 Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway.

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

|November 20, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed novel complex coacervate core vesicles (C3Vs) for colistin delivery. These stable C3Vs enhance the therapeutic potential of colistin, a key antimicrobial peptide, while reducing its toxicity.

Keywords:

Antibiotics Colistin Complex coacervate Kinetics Self-assembly Small-angle scattering Vesicles

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Biotechnology
Drug Delivery

Background:

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) show promise against multidrug-resistant bacteria.
Colistin, a potent AMP, has limited therapeutic use due to cytotoxicity and instability.
Complex coacervation is explored for advanced drug delivery platforms.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate complex coacervate core vesicles (C3Vs) for colistin delivery.
To characterize C3V structure and stability using advanced scattering techniques.
To explore methods for enhancing colistin's therapeutic efficacy and reducing drawbacks.

Main Methods:

Formation of C3Vs by mixing cationic colistin with poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(methacrylic acid) (PEO-b-PMAA) diblock copolymers.
Preparation of C3Vs using protonated and deuterated PEO-b-PMAA.
Analysis using small-angle X-ray and neutron scattering (SAXS/SANS) with a tailored vesicle scattering model.

Main Results:

Detailed structural and compositional quantification of C3Vs for the first time.
Characterization of net-neutral vesicles (100-190 nm diameter) with consistent wall thickness (≈17-18 nm).
Observation of variable inner radius based on experimental conditions and formation of micelles at physiological ionic strength.
Demonstration of exceptional vesicle stability in salt-free solutions over 24 hours.

Conclusions:

Complex coacervate core vesicles (C3Vs) offer a promising platform for colistin delivery.
The study provides unprecedented structural insights into C3Vs, aiding future drug delivery system development.
C3Vs demonstrate potential for enhancing antimicrobial peptide therapeutics while mitigating limitations.