The association between n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid intakes and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in US children and adolescents: A cross-sectional study from NHANES
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Dietary intake of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) shows a non-linear link to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. Higher n-6 PUFA intake is associated with increased ADHD risk, but only within a specific range.
Area Of Science
- Nutritional Science
- Pediatric Health
- Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Background
- Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder in children and adolescents.
- Dietary factors, including polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), are increasingly investigated for their potential role in ADHD.
- Specific attention has been given to n-6 PUFAs due to their involvement in inflammatory and neurological pathways.
Purpose Of The Study
- To investigate the association between dietary intake of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and the prevalence of ADHD in a large cohort of US children and adolescents.
- To explore the dose-response relationship between n-6 PUFA consumption and ADHD risk.
- To identify potential non-linear associations and specific intake levels associated with altered ADHD risk.
Main Methods
- Cross-sectional analysis of 6077 children and adolescents from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data (2013-2020).
- Multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess the association between n-6 PUFA intake tertiles and ADHD diagnosis, adjusting for confounders.
- Restricted cubic splines were employed to examine the non-linear dose-response relationship between n-6 PUFA intake and ADHD risk.
Main Results
- A total of 267 participants (4.4%) were diagnosed with ADHD.
- Compared to the lowest tertile of n-6 PUFA intake, the middle tertile showed a significantly increased odds ratio (OR) for ADHD (OR=1.55, p<0.001).
- The highest tertile of n-6 PUFA intake did not show a significant association with ADHD risk (OR=1.08, p=0.625), indicating a non-monotonic relationship (p=0.002).
Conclusions
- Dietary n-6 PUFA intake exhibits a non-monotonic relationship with ADHD risk in US children.
- The risk for ADHD appears to peak in the middle range of n-6 PUFA exposure (304.88-537.81 mg/kg/day).
- There was no significant increase in ADHD risk observed at the highest levels of n-6 PUFA intake.
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