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Updated: Jan 10, 2026
Treatment of Liver Metastases Using an Internal Target Volume Method for Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy
Published on: May 8, 2018
Cross sections of [Formula: see text]Sm([Formula: see text]Li,x) reactions for the production of [Formula: see
Laura A Bills1,2, Alan B McIntosh3, Jonathan T Morrell4,5
1Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA. lamccan@tamu.edu.
Abstract:
Terbium-149g ([Formula: see text] = 4.12 h) is of particular interest for targeted alpha therapy cancer treatment due to its ability to decay via both alpha and positron emission, making it a potential theranostic nuclide. Due to many challenges facing its production, there are limited facilities worldwide that have demonstrated the ability to produce this nuclide in quantities sufficient for medical research. Since the Cyclotron Institute at Texas A&M University is a specialized accelerator facility capable of accelerating a wide variety of ions, we are investigating production pathway options. One of the major challenges facing its production is the known co-production of the excited isomeric state, [Formula: see text]Tb ([Formula: see text] = 4.1 min). However, this state does not decay to the ground state of [Formula: see text]Tb, negating any potential contribution to its yield. Due to its short-half life, the cross section for the population of this state has never been measured. After calculating several potential reaction yields using predictive models, the reactions of [Formula: see text]Sm([Formula: see text]Li,xn)[Formula: see text]Tb were identified as candidates. Lithium-6 beams of varied energies between 45-65 MeV were impinged on enriched [Formula: see text]Sm, [Formula: see text]Sm, and [Formula: see text]Sm targets at the Cyclotron Institute at Texas A&M University, and the reaction products were measured immediately following irradiation using high-purity germanium detectors, enabling detection of both [Formula: see text]Tb and [Formula: see text]Tb. Cross sections for all nuclides produced in sufficient activity in these reactions were also measured and reported here. We conclude that the population of [Formula: see text]Tb is much preferred over population of the ground state for these [Formula: see text]Li-induced reactions, and it is necessary to explore other options for [Formula: see text]Tb production.
