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Overcoming health misinformation in marginalized groups: a systematic review
Charles Senteio1, Sheldon D Fields2, Ranjit Kaur Pritam Singh3
1Department of Library and Information Science, School of Communication and Information, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
International Journal for Equity in Health
|November 21, 2025
Summary
Interventions addressing health misinformation in marginalized groups show limited evidence. Debunking and prebunking show promise, but community involvement is key for effective health information strategies.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Health Communication
- Health Disparities
Background:
- Marginalized populations face significant health disparities, often worsened by health misinformation.
- This review systematically examines interventions targeting health misinformation within these vulnerable groups.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and characterize interventions aimed at combating health misinformation in marginalized populations.
- To evaluate the effectiveness of these interventions on health beliefs, intentions, and behaviors.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive systematic review of Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases.
- Inclusion of quantitative, qualitative, or mixed-method studies reporting outcomes related to health beliefs, intentions, or behaviors.
- Quality assessment using established tools and narrative synthesis of findings.
Main Results:
- Thirty-two studies were included, with most assessed as weak quality.
- Message-focused interventions, particularly debunking and prebunking, showed moderate-to-low evidence for changing beliefs and intentions.
- Community engagement in intervention design and delivery enhanced engagement and trust.
Conclusions:
- Evidence for interventions against health misinformation in marginalized populations is limited and generally weak.
- Debunking and prebunking strategies hold promise for influencing health beliefs and intentions.
- Routine involvement of marginalized community representatives in intervention development and evaluation is crucial.
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