Creatine Supplementation Practices in Saudi Arabia: Prevalence, Patterns, and Health Implications.

Area of Science:

• Sports Nutrition
• Exercise Physiology
• Supplementation Research

Background:

• Creatine monohydrate is a recognized ergogenic aid enhancing phosphocreatine resynthesis and high-intensity exercise performance.
• Limited data exists on the specific creatine supplementation practices among young Saudi athletes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To determine the prevalence and patterns of creatine supplementation among Saudi athletes aged 18-25.
• To identify demographic and behavioral factors influencing supplement use.
• To investigate sources of information and self-reported side effects related to creatine use.

Main Methods:

• A cross-sectional survey was administered to 326 athletes in Jeddah.
• Data collected included supplement types, dosing, side effects, advisors, and nutrition attitudes.
• Chi-square tests analyzed associations between supplement use and demographic/behavioral variables.

Main Results:

• 30.4% of athletes reported using any sports supplement, with 5.8% using creatine.
• Among supplement users, 30.7% lacked knowledge of correct creatine dosage.
• Supplement use was significantly linked to male gender, exercise frequency, prioritizing nutrition, and workshop attendance.

Conclusions:

• Creatine supplementation rates in young Saudi athletes are lower than international benchmarks.
• Misconceptions regarding creatine dosage and reliance on non-expert advice are prevalent.
• There is a clear need for dietitian-led education and improved regulatory guidance on supplement labeling for safe, evidence-based creatine use.