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ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND METABOLIC EFFECTS OF COFFEA CANEPHORA EXTRACT IN DIABETIC RATS: INSIGHTS FROM TNF-Α REDUCTION
Jekson Martiar Siahaan1, Endy Juli Anto2, Tengku Muhammad Fauzi3
1Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Institut Kesehatan Deli Husada Deli Tua, Indonesia.
Background:
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by Insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and systemic inflammation. Coffea canephora var. robusta contains bioactive compounds with potential antihyperglycemic and anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to evaluate the metabolic and inflammatory effects of its ethanolic extract in a rat model of T2DM.
Materials And Methods:
Forty-four male Wistar rats were randomized into 11 groups, including normal, diabetic controls, and treatment groups receiving ethanolic or ethyl acetate extracts (100-400 mg/kgBW). T2DM was induced using a high-fat diet and streptozotocin ± nicotinamide. Outcomes measured were fasting blood glucose (FBG), glucose-lowering percentage (%GL), fasting insulin resistance index (FIRI), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), and TNF-α levels.
Results:
The 400 mg/kgBW ethanolic extract group showed a significant reduction in FBG (p = 0.017), percentage of glucose lowering (p = 0.000), TNF-α levels (p = 0.000), and body weight (p = 0.000) compared to diabetic controls, indicating improved metabolic regulation.
Conclusion:
The ethanolic extract of C. canephora improves glycemic control, enhances insulin sensitivity, and reduces inflammation in T2DM rats, supporting its potential for future clinical validation.
