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Published on: October 19, 2013
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Neonatal hyperoxia exposure does not exacerbate hypertension programmed by maternal obesity
Jussara M do Carmo1, John E Hall1, Xuemei Dai1
1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, Cardiorenal and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States.
Summary
Neonatal hyperoxia (HO) did not increase blood pressure in offspring of lean or obese mothers. Instead, HO exposure unexpectedly lowered blood pressure and attenuated cardiac dysfunction in offspring from obese mothers.
Area of Science:
- Physiology
- Developmental Biology
- Neonatal Care
Background:
- Maternal obesity is linked to preterm birth and increased risk of offspring hypertension.
- Neonatal oxygen exposure, particularly oxygen therapy, is common in preterm infants, especially those born to obese mothers.
- The impact of neonatal hyperoxia on offspring blood pressure regulation, especially in the context of maternal obesity, is not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate whether neonatal hyperoxia (HO) leads to elevated blood pressure (BP) in offspring from lean mothers.
- To determine if HO exacerbates the adverse effects of maternal obesity on offspring BP regulation.
- To assess the impact of HO on cardiac function in offspring from lean and obese mothers.
Main Methods:
- Male and female Sprague-Dawley offspring from lean and high-fat diet-induced obese mothers were exposed to room air or 80% oxygen (HO) from postnatal days 3-10.
- At 12 weeks of age, offspring underwent telemetry to measure BP and heart rate (HR).
- Cardiac function, including +dP/dt_max, was assessed in offspring from both lean and obese mothers.
Main Results:
- Contrary to the hypothesis, neonatal HO was associated with lower BP in offspring from lean mothers compared to controls.
- HO also reduced BP and HR in hypertensive offspring from obese mothers.
- Neonatal HO was associated with reduced cardiac contractility (+dP/dt_max) in lean offspring but attenuated cardiac dysfunction in obese offspring.
Conclusions:
- Neonatal hyperoxia exposure does not appear to be associated with elevated BP in early adulthood.
- HO does not exacerbate the hypertensive effects of maternal obesity on offspring BP regulation.
- Neonatal hyperoxia may have a protective role in mitigating early cardiac dysfunction in offspring of obese mothers.
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