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Gyromorphs: A New Class of Functional Disordered Materials.

Mathias Casiulis1,2, Aaron Shih1,3, Stefano Martiniani1,2,3,4

  • 1New York University, Center for Soft Matter Research, Department of Physics, New York, New York 10003, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|November 21, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We introduce gyromorphs, novel disordered materials with unique rotational order. These structures enable superior low-index-contrast band gaps for optical applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Photonics

Background:

  • Disordered materials often lack predictable properties.
  • Controlling order in disordered systems is crucial for advanced applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce a new class of functional correlated disordered materials: gyromorphs.
  • Investigate their unique combination of liquid-like translational disorder and quasi-long-range rotational order.
  • Explore their potential for creating low-index-contrast isotropic band gaps.

Main Methods:

  • Generating 2D and 3D gyromorphs using spectral optimization.
  • Analyzing structure factor for rotational and translational order.
  • Numerical simulations (coupled dipoles approximation) for band gap formation.
  • Analytical effective-medium theory and scattering mean-free path estimations.

Main Results:

  • Gyromorphs exhibit strong discrete rotational order without long-range translational order.
  • Outperform quasicrystals, stealthy hyperuniformity, and Vogel spirals in forming isotropic band gaps.
  • Achieve low-index-contrast band gaps for scalar and vector waves in 2D.
  • Open complete isotropic band gaps in 3D.
  • Polygyromorphs enable multiple band gaps for fine optical property control.

Conclusions:

  • Gyromorphs represent a new paradigm in designing functional disordered materials.
  • Their unique structure offers significant advantages for photonic applications, particularly in band gap engineering.
  • The development of polygyromorphs allows for unprecedented control over optical properties.