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In the real world, oscillations seldom follow true simple harmonic motion. A system that continues its motion indefinitely without losing its amplitude is termed undamped. However, friction of some sort usually dampens the motion, so it fades away or needs more force to continue. For example, a guitar string stops oscillating a few seconds after being plucked. Similarly, one must continually push a swing to keep a child swinging on a playground.
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Dynamical Complexity of Non-Gaussian Many-Body Systems with Dissipation.

Guillermo González-García1,2, Alexey V Gorshkov3,4, J Ignacio Cirac1,2

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High dissipation in many-body fermionic and bosonic systems can lead to classical sampling. Dissipation can simplify fermionic states but not necessarily bosonic ones, with entanglement generation differing between the two.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum many-body physics
  • Quantum information theory
  • Statistical mechanics

Background:

  • Understanding the dynamics of open quantum systems is crucial for quantum technologies.
  • Characterizing the states of bosonic and fermionic systems with dissipation presents significant theoretical challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the dynamical states of many-body bosonic and fermionic models under various types of dissipation.
  • To identify conditions under which these systems can be efficiently sampled by classical algorithms.
  • To explore the differences in state evolution and entanglement generation between bosonic and fermionic systems.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of many-body models with intersite Gaussian couplings, on-site non-Gaussian interactions, and local dissipation (particle loss, gain, dephasing).
  • Derivation of conditions for system states to be convex combinations of Gaussian states (fermionic) or separable states (bosonic).
  • Investigation of the existence of classical algorithms for efficient state sampling above certain noise thresholds.

Main Results:

  • For fermionic systems, strong dephasing noise drives the system into a convex combination of Gaussian states.
  • For bosonic systems, strong particle loss and gain lead to separable states.
  • A classical sampling algorithm is efficient for both models when noise rates exceed a threshold.
  • Unlike fermionic systems, bosonic systems can evolve into non-Gaussian states even with high dissipation.
  • Unlike bosonic systems, fermionic systems can generate entanglement even with high noise rates.

Conclusions:

  • The interplay between interactions and dissipation dictates the complexity of many-body quantum states.
  • Specific dissipation regimes allow for efficient classical simulation of both fermionic and bosonic systems.
  • Fundamental differences persist in entanglement generation and state complexity between bosonic and fermionic systems under dissipation.