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The GhHSP90-7 and GhHSP70-8 augment cotton fiber development by regulating reactive oxygen species (ROS) response.

Amit Choudhary1, Ajay Kumar2, Priti Prasad1

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Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs), specifically GhHSP90-7 and GhHSP70-8, are crucial for cotton fiber development. Altering their expression disrupts cellular homeostasis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) balance, impacting fiber initiation and growth.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cotton Fiber Development

Background:

  • Cotton fiber, a unique unicellular structure, is vital for studying plant cell differentiation and biosynthesis.
  • Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), including hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), are implicated in cotton fiber development.
  • Previous research linked HSP inhibitors to H2O2 accumulation, autophagy, and reduced fiber initials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of GhHSP90-7 and GhHSP70-8 in cotton fiber development.
  • To determine how altered expression of these HSPs affects cellular ROS balance and fiber growth.
  • To understand the impact of ROS imbalance on cellular homeostasis and fiber initiation.

Main Methods:

  • Generated transgenic cotton lines with suppressed or overexpressed GhHSP90-7 and GhHSP70-8.
  • Analyzed the expression levels of GhHSP90-7 and GhHSP70-8 during fiber development (0 Days Post Anthesis - DPA).
  • Quantified ROS levels and assessed fiber-related traits in transgenic lines.
  • Investigated the relationship between HSP expression, ROS imbalance, autophagy, and transcription factor activity.

Main Results:

  • GhHSP90-7 and GhHSP70-8 showed peak expression at 0 DPA, indicating importance in fiber initiation.
  • Suppression or overexpression of these HSPs led to decreased fiber growth during initiation and elongation stages.
  • Altered HSP expression resulted in ROS imbalance, disrupting cellular homeostasis and impacting various fiber traits.
  • High ROS in suppression lines induced autophagy; low ROS affected fiber initiation by reducing transcription factor expression.

Conclusions:

  • GhHSP90-7 and GhHSP70-8 are essential regulators of cotton fiber development.
  • ROS homeostasis, influenced by HSPs, is critical for normal fiber initiation, elongation, and overall development.
  • HSPs play a significant role in maintaining cellular balance during cotton fiber formation.