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Related Concept Videos

Diabetic Retinopathy01:27

Diabetic Retinopathy

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DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...
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Vascular dysfunctions during radiation retinopathy.

Colin Niaudet1, Thibaud Mathis2, Thao-Nguyen Pham3

  • 1Nantes Université, CRCI(2)NA, INSERM, CNRS, Nantes, France.

Radiotherapy and Oncology : Journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology
|November 21, 2025
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Radiation retinopathy (RR) causes vision loss after radiation therapy. Early detection via advanced imaging and understanding molecular pathways are key to developing new treatments for this common complication.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Radiation Oncology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Optic tissue toxicity is a significant challenge in radiation therapy for various head and neck tumors.
  • Radiation retinopathy (RR) is a frequent complication, affecting over 40% of ocular tumor patients and leading to irreversible vision loss.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the sequential endothelial and neuronal alterations driving radiation retinopathy.
  • To discuss molecular and cellular pathways for potential therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current evidence on RR mechanisms.
  • Analysis of advances in non-invasive, high-resolution imaging, particularly optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).
  • Inclusion of findings from preclinical and clinical models, including animal studies.

Main Results:

  • RR progresses from asymptomatic vascular remodeling and retinal ischemia to vision loss.
  • Multimodal imaging, especially OCTA, facilitates earlier RR detection in humans.
  • Animal studies reveal vascular obstruction, rarefaction, and early neurovascular dysfunction as key features.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the molecular and cellular basis of RR is crucial for developing targeted interventions.
  • Biological and imaging biomarkers can guide preventive measures and treatment strategies.
  • Further research into RR pathogenesis may lead to novel therapeutic approaches to preserve vision.