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Updated: Jan 10, 2026

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies
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Open Questions in Particle Therapy for Head and Neck Cancer.

Romelie Rieu1, Dawn Carnell2, Melvin L K Chua3

  • 1Department of Head and Neck Oncology, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.

Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America
|November 21, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Particle therapy may reduce normal tissue radiation dose for head and neck cancers, potentially lowering toxicity. This study examines uncertainties in particle therapy delivery, biology, and patient selection for improved outcomes.

Keywords:
Carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT)Head and neck cancer (HNC)Intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT)Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT)Proton therapy (PBT)Radiation

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Area of Science:

  • Radiation Oncology
  • Medical Physics

Background:

  • Particle therapy offers a unique depth-dose profile.
  • This may allow for reduced normal tissue irradiation compared to conventional radiotherapy.
  • It holds potential for dose escalation or reduced toxicity in cancer treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate uncertainties associated with particle therapy for adult head and neck cancers.
  • To assess the impact of these uncertainties on treatment outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Consideration of uncertainties in particle delivery and verification.
  • Analysis of radiobiological uncertainties.
  • Evaluation of patient selection factors.

Main Results:

  • Particle therapy's Bragg peak allows precise dose deposition.
  • Potential for sparing adjacent organs at risk.
  • Challenges remain in quantifying and mitigating uncertainties.

Conclusions:

  • Particle therapy is a promising modality for head and neck cancers.
  • Addressing uncertainties in delivery, radiobiology, and patient selection is crucial for clinical implementation.
  • Further research is needed to optimize treatment planning and delivery.