First-trimester pan-immune-inflammation value predicts preeclampsia in a dose-dependent linear pattern

Area of Science:

• Obstetrics and Gynecology
• Reproductive Medicine
• Clinical Biomarkers

Background:

• Preeclampsia (PE) affects ~5% of pregnancies, causing significant maternal and perinatal morbidity/mortality.
• Current first-trimester screening methods lack accessibility and sensitivity.
• There is a need for affordable biomarkers to predict PE risk.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the association between first-trimester pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) and the development of preeclampsia (PE).
• To determine if PIV is an independent predictor of PE.
• To explore the dose-response relationship between PIV and PE risk.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective cohort study of 11,894 pregnant women.
• Multivariable logistic regression adjusted for maternal age, BMI, parity, multifetal pregnancy, and IVF.
• Restricted cubic spline and two-piecewise linear regression models used to analyze dose-response patterns.

Main Results:

• Elevated first-trimester PIV/100 was significantly associated with increased PE risk (aOR, 1.076).
• A dose-dependent increase in PE prevalence was observed across PIV quartiles, with the highest quartile showing a 60.2% increased risk.
• The association remained consistent across various clinical subgroups.

Conclusions:

• First-trimester PIV is independently and linearly associated with increased PE risk.
• PIV shows potential as an accessible, inflammation-based biomarker for early PE risk stratification.
• Further prospective studies are needed to validate PIV's clinical utility in prenatal screening.