Dimensionally Stable Nanofibrous Nonwoven as a Flexible Dynamic Emissivity Switching Temperature-Regulating Material

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Textile Engineering
• Sustainable Technology

Background:

• Smart textiles offer energy-efficient thermal regulation as an alternative to conventional climate control.
• Dynamic control of radiative heat transfer via surface emissivity modulation is key for adaptive thermal comfort.
• Existing emissivity-switching textiles often require external power or lack stability, limiting practical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a fully passive, autonomously adaptive dynamic emissivity switch textile (DEST).
• To achieve reversible switching between heat-retentive and heat-dissipative states for wearable applications.
• To ensure dimensional stability and functionality in diverse environmental conditions.

Main Methods:

• Synthesis of a crosslinkable, thermo- and humidity-responsive poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAM) copolymer.
• Fabrication of nanofibers using a green water-ethanol-based electrospinning technique with a honeycomb collector.
• Incorporation of a silver coating and a tailored mechanical cutting pattern for robust, stable emissivity switching.

Main Results:

• The developed DEST exhibits water-stable, thermoresponsive nanofibers with a transition near skin temperature.
• The textile demonstrates passive switching between emissive and reflective states, driven by temperature and humidity.
• A ≈6 °C reversible thermal comfort window was achieved without external energy input.

Conclusions:

• The novel DEST provides a sustainable and energy-efficient solution for passive thermal management in smart textiles.
• The material's dual responsiveness and dimensional stability make it suitable for advanced wearable applications.
• This technology offers a promising pathway towards autonomous adaptive clothing for enhanced user comfort.