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In-vitro Mutagenesis

In-vitro Mutagenesis

To learn more about the function of a gene, researchers can observe what happens when the gene is inactivated or “knocked out,” by creating genetically engineered knockout animals. Knockout mice have been particularly useful as models for human diseases such as cancer, Parkinson’s disease, and diabetes.

In vitro Mutagenesis

In vitro Mutagenesis

To learn more about the function of a gene, researchers can observe what happens when the gene is inactivated or “knocked out,” by creating genetically engineered knockout animals. Knockout mice have been particularly useful as models for human diseases such as cancer, Parkinson’s disease, and diabetes.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Identifying DNA Mutations in Purified Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells

Identifying DNA Mutations in Purified Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells

Published on: February 24, 2014

Erythrocyte-Based Pig-a Gene Mutation Assay.

Jeffrey C Bemis¹, Nikki E Hall², Stephen D Dertinger²

¹Litron Laboratories, Rochester, NY, USA. jbemis@litronlabs.com.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)

|November 22, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The Pig-a gene mutation assay detects genotoxicity by analyzing red blood cell surface proteins. This method is crucial for preclinical safety testing during drug development.

Keywords:

Endogenous mutation Erythrocytes Flow cytometry Genotoxicity Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor High throughput Immunomagnetic separation Pig-a Reticulocytes

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Area of Science:

Toxicology
Genetics
Biochemistry

Background:

Genotoxicity testing is vital for preclinical safety assessment.
Gene mutation assays complement chromosomal damage analysis.
The Pig-a gene assay identifies mutations via loss of cell surface protein expression.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe a method for Pig-a gene mutation assessment.
To detail the use of MutaFlow kits for flow cytometric analysis.
To outline the processing of peripheral blood samples for genotoxicity testing.

Main Methods:

Utilizing the Pig-a gene mutation assay.
Employing flow cytometry for cell surface phenotype analysis.
Processing peripheral blood samples with MutaFlow kits.

Main Results:

The Pig-a assay effectively identifies gene mutations.
Flow cytometry allows for efficient assessment of cell surface protein expression.
The described procedure enables reliable genotoxicity testing.

Conclusions:

The Pig-a gene mutation assay is a valuable tool in genotoxicity testing.
Flow cytometric analysis of red blood cells provides a robust method for detecting mutations.
This protocol facilitates preclinical safety evaluation.