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Functional diversity of soil microbial communities increases with ecosystem development.

Tord Ranheim Sveen1, Maria Viketoft2, Jan Bengtsson2

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This summary is machine-generated.

Land abandonment drives forest succession, altering soil microbes. Microbial communities show threshold dynamics, increasing functional diversity but decreasing taxonomic diversity and redundancy during this process.

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Soil Science
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Land abandonment is a major driver of land-use change in the Global North, leading to forest succession and afforestation.
  • Assessing the impacts of land abandonment on soil microbial communities is crucial for understanding ecosystem dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of land abandonment and subsequent forest succession on soil microbial structure and function.
  • To track changes in microbial taxonomic and functional diversity, nutrient cycling, and genetic redundancy along a successional gradient.

Main Methods:

  • Established a nationwide successional gradient of paired grassland and forest sites.
  • Analyzed soil microbial communities to assess structure, functioning, and genetic repertoires for carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) cycling.

Main Results:

  • Soil microbes exhibited threshold dynamics, with increasing functional diversity but decreasing taxonomic diversity during succession.
  • Succession led to specialized microbial nutrient cycling repertoires and reduced genetic redundancy.
  • Fungal functional diversity was linked to higher microbial carbon cycling capacity, and litter quality mediated plant-microbial links.

Conclusions:

  • Land abandonment and forest succession create a trade-off between functional diversity and redundancy in soil microbial communities.
  • Understanding the complex development of soil microbial communities and their plant interactions is essential for managing land abandonment impacts.