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A multi-mode coupling damage classification method for composite structures based on acoustic emission signal

Yinmin Zhu1, Wenhao Li2, Jing Lin3

  • 1School of Reliability and Systems Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.

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|November 23, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel framework for classifying composite structure damage using acoustic emission (AE) signal decomposition. The method accurately identifies damage modes, improving structural health monitoring.

Keywords:
Acoustic emissionComposite structuresMachine learningMulti-mode coupling damageWavelet packet decomposition

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Structural Health Monitoring
  • Acoustic Emission Testing

Background:

  • Multi-mode damage coupling complicates accurate damage classification in composite structures.
  • Existing methods struggle to differentiate various damage types due to signal interference.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a robust damage classification framework for composite structures using acoustic emission (AE) signal decomposition.
  • To accurately identify and quantify different damage modes, even when multiple damage types occur simultaneously.

Main Methods:

  • Generation of a Peak Frequency-Normalized Count Spectrum via Pearson correlation, principal component analysis, and hierarchical clustering.
  • Development of a customized wavelet packet decomposition filter for AE signal analysis.
  • Validation through tensile tests on adhesive composite joints and comparison with the K-means method.

Main Results:

  • The proposed method achieves consistent energy proportions (30%-40%) for three damage types.
  • Normalized energy proportion for adhesive debonding reached or exceeded 50%, indicating high accuracy.
  • The framework effectively mitigates the impact of multi-mode damage coupling, outperforming K-means.

Conclusions:

  • The developed framework provides a more accurate reflection of the true damage state in composite structures.
  • This approach offers a novel perspective for enhanced health monitoring of composite materials.
  • The method's ability to handle damage coupling is crucial for reliable structural integrity assessment.