Self-healing injectable adhesive hydrogels with multi-dynamic bonds based on konjac glucomannan and chitosan for...

Skin, as the largest human organ, presents challenges in irregular wound repair due to traditional dressings' poor morphological adaptability and lack of bioactivity. Uncontrolled hemorrhage accounts for trauma fatalities, craving for hemostatic materials that can simultaneously achieve rapid shape conformation, robust tissue adhesion, and dynamic self-repair for irregular wound management. Confronting the triple challenges of irregular wound repair, morphological adaptation, and functional integration, this study develops an intelligent self-healing injectable hydrogel based on Schiff base dynamic cross-linking between gallic acid-grafted chitosan (GACS) and oxidized konjac glucomannan (OKGM). The hydrogel exhibits rapid gelation (∼30 s), strong tissue adhesion (28.5 kPa), and remarkable hemostatic capacity, achieving a 3-fold reduction in blood loss and two-thirds shorter coagulation time compared with gauze controls in both tail and liver bleeding models. The cationic characteristics of chitosan confer antibacterial potential to the hydrogel, while konjac glucomannan enhances biocompatibility. Such strategic incorporation also exhibits exceptional self-healing capacity (recovering original strength within 30 s) and tissue adhesion (adhesive strength reaching 28.5 kPa). Animal models reveal 94 % wound closure within 14 days, significantly surpassing controls. This work provides an integrated strategy for constructing multi-dynamic polysaccharide hydrogels that couple hemostasis, adhesion, and regenerative repair for irregular wound management.