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Updated: Jul 9, 2026
Lower Limb Biomechanical Analysis of Healthy Participants
Published on: April 15, 2020
Profile of physical activity-related musculoskeletal injuries: a propensity score-matched study
Inga Maruszyńska-Małachowska1, Rafał Kamiński2
1Department of Physical Education, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Marymoncka 34, 00-968 Warsaw, Poland.
Background:
Physical activity offers numerous health benefits but also carries the risk of musculoskeletal injuries, posing a significant health concern across all athletic levels. Understanding specific injury patterns and risk factors is crucial for effective prevention and management of injuries.
Objective:
The study aimed to identify and compare musculoskeletal injury patterns among hospitalized participants with physical activity-related musculoskeletal injuries, including those related to non-sports activities and sports-related injuries.
Methods:
A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted on 8413 participants from an orthopedic trauma center (2013-2023). Cases were categorized as sports-related (n = 1152) or non-sports-related (n = 6968). Propensity score matching was utilized to control for age, sex, and comorbidities. Injury types, locations (International Classification of Diseases-10 codes), participant demographics, hospital stay durations, and surgery rates were analyzed using Fisher's exact and Mann-Whitney tests.
Results:
Participants sustaining sports-related injuries were younger (mean age: 34 vs. 45 years; P < 0.001), predominantly male (65 % vs. 57 %, P < 0.001), and had a significantly lower prevalence of hypertension (11 % vs. 21 %), diabetes (4 % vs. 9 %), and osteoporosis (2 % vs. 6 %; all P < 0.05). They also experienced shorter hospital stays (median: 2 vs. 4 days; P < 0.001), with no significant difference in surgery rates compared to the non-sports-related group (P > 0.05). Sports-related activities significantly increased the relative risk (RR) for lower leg injuries (S80-S89; RR = 1.47; 95 % CI, 1.32-1.63) and dislocations or joint sprains (S33, S43, S53, S63, S73, S83, S93; RR = 1.92; 95 % CI, 1.68-2.19), but reduced the risk of wrist and hand injuries (S60-S69; RR = 0.42; 95 % CI, 0.33-0.54) and open wounds (RR = 0.06; 95 % CI, 0.02-0.19).
Conclusions:
Significant differences in injury patterns and associated risks underscore the need for targeted prevention strategies, especially for younger, physically active populations, to mitigate injury risk and related long-term health impacts.
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