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Immunoprecipitation

Immunoprecipitation

Immunoprecipitation, or IP, is a widely used technique that employs protein-antibody interactions to isolate proteins or protein complexes in their native state for studying protein-protein interactions, quaternary structures, or supramolecular complexes. Various modifications of the technique, including chromatin IP, cross-linking IP, and fluorescence IP, are commonly used.
Chromatin Immunoprecipitation
Chromatin immunoprecipitation, also known as ChIP, is used to study protein-DNA or...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 12, 2026

Granulocyte-dependent Autoantibody-induced Skin Blistering

Granulocyte-dependent Autoantibody-induced Skin Blistering

Published on: October 12, 2012

High-Concentration Antibody Formulation via Solvent-Based Dehydration.

Talia Zheng¹, Lucas Attia¹, Janet Teng¹

¹Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)

|November 24, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel aqueous formulation process for high-concentration antibody delivery via subcutaneous injection. The method achieves stable, injectable antibody microparticles at 360 mg/mL, improving biologic administration.

Keywords:

amorphous materials antibody hydrogels precipitation subcutaneous administration

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Published on: February 5, 2021

Area of Science:

Biopharmaceutical formulation
Drug delivery systems
Materials science

Background:

Subcutaneous (SC) delivery is preferred for biologics but requires high-concentration antibody formulations.
High-concentration antibody solutions suffer from instability and high viscosity.
Existing methods like non-aqueous solutions or hydrogel microparticles have limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a new formulation process for high-concentration antibody hydrogel microparticles for SC delivery.
To achieve antibody concentrations comparable to non-aqueous formulations in an aqueous system.
To ensure structural and functional stability of antibodies within the microparticles.

Main Methods:

Antibody concentration and encapsulation into hydrogel microparticles using solvent-based dehydration.
Continuous microparticle synthesis with simultaneous dehydration and antibody precipitation.
Analysis of antibody phase behavior and precipitation-dehydration kinetics.

Main Results:

Developed an aqueous particle suspension with a formulation concentration of 360 mg/mL.
Antibodies remained structurally and functionally stable post-processing and after 4 months.
Achieved clinically acceptable injectability with glide force <20 N.

Conclusions:

Presented the first aqueous antibody formulation at high concentrations suitable for SC administration.
The novel formulation process overcomes limitations of existing high-concentration delivery methods.
The process is a potential platform for various SC biologic applications.