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Victimization Among Children With Disabilities: A Meta-Analysis.

Chengrui Wu¹, Qiqi Chen¹, Ko Ling Chan¹

¹Department of Applied Social Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Trauma, Violence & Abuse

|November 24, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Children with disabilities face double the risk of violence. Those with multiple or invisible disabilities are at highest risk for polyvictimization, requiring targeted prevention.

Keywords:

abuse disabilities meta-analysis polyvictimization violence

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Area of Science:

Childhood disability research
Violence and victimization studies
Public health and epidemiology

Background:

Children with disabilities are disproportionately vulnerable to violence.
Existing research often overlooks the impact of multiple disabilities and polyvictimization.
Global estimates of victimization risk for children with disabilities require updating.

Purpose of the Study:

To update global estimates of violence risk for children with disabilities.
To investigate how different disability types (visible, invisible, multiple) intersect with victimization.
To examine the risk of polyvictimization among children with disabilities.

Main Methods:

Systematic literature search of studies published up to July 2024.
Inclusion of 44 publications representing 1,734,560 children aged 18 years or younger.
Random-effects models to estimate pooled odds ratios (ORs) for victimization, with subgroup analyses.

Main Results:

Children with disabilities had an overall odds ratio of 2.04 for victimization compared to non-disabled peers.
Polyvictimization risk was significantly higher for children with invisible disabilities (OR=3.16) and multiple disabilities (OR=4.17).
Children with multiple disabilities faced a high risk of physical violence (OR=4.07), and secondary school students had the highest polyvictimization risk (OR=4.16).

Conclusions:

Children with invisible and multiple disabilities experience disproportionately high risks of violence, especially polyvictimization.
Findings highlight the urgent need for early identification and tailored prevention strategies for vulnerable children.
Future research should address inconsistencies in disability definitions and improve regional representation.