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This study numerically investigates compound vesicle dynamics in channels under shear flow. Thermal fluctuations are crucial for complex motions like trembling and swinging, revealing new dynamical states beyond single vesicles.

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Computational Science

Background:

  • Compound vesicles, mimicking biological cells like leukocytes, exhibit complex dynamics under external forces.
  • Understanding these dynamics is crucial for cell mechanics and microfluidic applications.
  • Previous studies on single vesicles lack the complexity of compound vesicle interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To numerically investigate the dynamics of compound vesicles confined in a channel under shear flow.
  • To explore the influence of thermal fluctuations and various physical parameters on vesicle behavior.
  • To identify and characterize novel dynamical states beyond those of single vesicles.

Main Methods:

  • A two-dimensional numerical model combining molecular dynamics and mesoscopic hydrodynamics.
  • Inclusion of thermal fluctuations to simulate realistic conditions.
  • Systematic variation of vesicle size, fluid viscosities, swelling degree, and Capillary number.

Main Results:

  • Observed rich dynamical phenomenology, including tank-treading, tumbling, and trembling.
  • Identified novel states where inner and outer vesicles exhibit distinct motions.
  • Demonstrated the critical role of thermal fluctuations in trembling and swinging dynamics.
  • Characterized undulating motion at high filling fractions, dependent on relative size and swelling degree.

Conclusions:

  • Thermal fluctuations are essential for reproducing experimental observations of vesicle dynamics.
  • Compound vesicle dynamics present a richer phenomenology than single vesicles.
  • The study provides quantitative agreement with experimental findings and highlights the importance of thermal noise in complex fluid systems.