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Detection of Inflammasome Activation and Pyroptotic Cell Death in Murine Bone Marrow-derived Macrophages
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Influence of Pyroptosis Induced by NOD-Like Receptor Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Inflammasomes on Viral Myocarditis in

Huang Huang1, Jiwen Lou2, Wenhao Chen2

  • 1Science of Prescription, Academy of Chinese Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.

International Journal of General Medicine
|November 24, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Pyroptosis, driven by NLRP3 inflammasomes, is key in pediatric viral myocarditis (VMC). Combined gene and protein analysis of pyroptosis markers offers a more accurate diagnostic approach for VMC.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Viral myocarditis (VMC) is a primary cause of heart failure in children.
  • Pyroptosis, a programmed cell death pathway involving NLRP3 inflammasomes, contributes to myocardial injury.
  • The diagnostic value of combined gene and protein expression in VMC is not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis in pediatric VMC.
  • To evaluate if integrated gene and protein profiling enhances diagnostic prediction for VMC.

Main Methods:

  • 100 children were studied: 50 with VMC and 50 with dilated cardiomyopathy.
  • Myocardial tissues were analyzed for protein and gene expression of NLRP3, Caspase-1, Gasdermin D (GSDMD), and IL-1β.
  • Techniques included ELISA, immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR, and Western blotting.

Main Results:

  • Children with VMC showed significantly higher protein and gene expression of NLRP3, Caspase-1, GSDMD, and IL-1β compared to controls.
  • Expression levels of these markers positively correlated with VMC presence.
  • Combined gene and protein analysis yielded a higher diagnostic accuracy (AUC) than individual markers.

Conclusions:

  • NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis is integral to pediatric VMC pathogenesis.
  • Combined gene and protein assessment offers a reliable method for early VMC diagnosis and risk stratification.
  • Inflammasome-related biomarkers show potential as therapeutic targets for VMC.
Abstract

Keywords:
NLRP3childreninflammasomepyroptosisviral myocarditis

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