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Updated: Jan 10, 2026

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Published on: June 8, 2022
Antiphospholipid Syndrome and the Kidney.
Maxime Taghavi1, Lucas Jacobs1, Dario Roccatello2
1Nephrology and Dialysis Department, Brugmann University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) affects the kidneys, impacting prognosis. This review covers renal manifestations in APS patients and carriers, including nephropathy and transplant complications, based on new 2023 criteria.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Rheumatology
- Autoimmune Diseases
Background:
- Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disorder marked by antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs), thrombosis, and obstetrical issues.
- Kidney involvement is a significant complication of APS, often leading to a poor prognosis.
- Recent 2023 classification criteria from ACR/EULAR provide updated frameworks for APS diagnosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the diverse renal manifestations in antiphospholipid antibody carriers and APS patients.
- To discuss microvascular (antiphospholipid syndrome nephropathy) and macrovascular kidney disease in APS.
- To examine renal involvement in both native kidneys and kidney transplant recipients with APS.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent studies on APS and renal involvement.
- Analysis of data in light of the 2023 ACR/EULAR classification criteria.
- Synthesis of information on microvascular and macrovascular APS nephropathy.
Main Results:
- The kidney is a primary target organ in APS, contributing to adverse outcomes.
- APS can cause both microvascular (e.g., antiphospholipid syndrome nephropathy) and macrovascular renal diseases.
- Renal complications are observed in native kidneys and kidney allografts in APS patients.
Conclusions:
- Understanding the spectrum of renal involvement is crucial for managing APS.
- The 2023 ACR/EULAR criteria aid in classifying APS and its related complications.
- Further research is needed to optimize renal outcomes in APS patients and carriers.
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