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Related Concept Videos

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The hippocampus, a critical brain structure, plays an essential role in memory processing, particularly in the formation and retrieval of memory. This small, seahorse-shaped region is located within the medial temporal lobe, with one hippocampus in each brain hemisphere. Experimental studies involving lesions in the hippocampi of rats have demonstrated significant impairments in tasks such as object recognition and maze navigation, indicating the hippocampus involvement in both recognition and...
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High-resolution In Vivo Manual Segmentation Protocol for Human Hippocampal Subfields Using 3T Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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A semantotopic map in human hippocampus.

Elizabeth A Mickiewicz, Melissa Franch, Kalman A Katlowitz

    Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
    |November 24, 2025
    PubMed
    Summary

    The human hippocampus organizes semantic information along its mediolateral axis, revealing a multiscale functional topography. This study mapped semantic features, demonstrating both broad semantotopic organization and finer periodic patterns.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Cognitive Science
    • Computational Linguistics

    Background:

    • The hippocampus is crucial for abstract conceptual and semantic information encoding.
    • The precise topographical organization of semantic encoding within the human hippocampus remains largely unknown.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the spatial organization of semantic representations along the mediolateral axis of the anterior human hippocampus.
    • To determine if semantic features are systematically mapped within this hippocampal region.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized Neuropixels probes to record neural responses during passive language listening in three anesthetized patients undergoing neurosurgery.
    • Computed semantic tuning functions by regressing neural activity (threshold crossing events, single unit responses) against semantic embeddings from GPT-2, Word2Vec, and SBERT.
    • Analyzed neural responses across recording sites to identify patterns of semantic similarity and dissimilarity.

    Main Results:

    • Found that more distant recording sites exhibited more dissimilar tuning functions, supporting a semantotopic organization.
    • Observed systematic changes in semantic features like animacy, concreteness, and familiarity along the mediolateral axis, though these effects were individual-specific.
    • Detected a small but significant increase in semantic similarity at shorter spatial scales, suggesting a modest periodic organization.

    Conclusions:

    • Demonstrated a multiscale functional organization of semantics within the human hippocampus.
    • Provided evidence for both broad semantotopic and finer periodic organizational principles in hippocampal semantic processing.
    • Highlighted the potential for individual variability in the topographical mapping of semantic information.