Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Combined With Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria: A Rare Case Report

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a common hematological malignancy, and some patients may present with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA). However, the coexistence of DLBCL and paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is rare. PNH patients may develop myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but lymphomas are rarely seen. Here, we focus on a 46-year-old female patient afflicted with PNH for 3 years before being diagnosed with DLBCL. Different from DLBCL accompanied by AIHA, this case did not benefit from the R-CHOP regimen. This case demonstrates that PNH can coexist with malignant lymphoma, which is a rare finding. It also enhances our understanding of the clinical management of DLBCL coexisting with PNH.