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Temperature Measurement Sites

Temperature Measurement Sites

A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
Oral: When assessing oral temperature, the thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue in the posterior sublingual pocket. It offers accurate readings and can be...

Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery

Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery

Here is a stepwise guide to assessing the body temperature at the temporal artery using a temporal artery thermometer
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and don a fresh pair of gloves to prevent cross-infection and ensure patient safety.
Step 2: Explain the procedure to the patient to establish trust. Clear communication establishes trust with the patient, ensures they understand what to expect, promotes cooperation, and enhances comfort during the procedure.
Step 3: Assess the patient's...

Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature

Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature

Body temperature can be assessed using various devices and measured in Celsius or Fahrenheit.
Glass-bulb Thermometer:
Glass-bulb thermometers are hollow glass tubes with a bulb tip containing liquid such as ethanol or mercury. Historically, glass bulb mercury thermometers were the standard device to measure body temperature. Today, mercury thermometers are prohibited in many countries due to the hazardous effects of mercury and the risk of exposure if the glass bulb breaks. In general,...

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Cooling or Warming the Esophagus to Reduce Esophageal Injury During Left Atrial Ablation in the Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation

Cooling or Warming the Esophagus to Reduce Esophageal Injury During Left Atrial Ablation in the Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation

Published on: March 15, 2020

Spatiotemporal tissue temperature during cryoablation using different balloons.

Akio Chikata^1,2, Takeshi Kato², Hiroaki Ide³

¹Department of Cardiology, Toyama Prefectural Central Hospital, Toyama, Japan.

Heart Rhythm O2

|November 24, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The POLARx FIT 28 mm cryoballoon achieved the lowest tissue temperature during pulmonary vein ablation. The POLARx FIT 31 mm created a broader cooled area, indicating differences in cryoablation effectiveness.

Keywords:

AFA-Pro Cryoablation POLARx FIT Spatiotemporal Tissue temperature

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Reduction of Iatrogenic Atrial Septal Defects with an Anterior and Inferior Transseptal Puncture Site when Operating the Cryoballoon Ablation Catheter

Reduction of Iatrogenic Atrial Septal Defects with an Anterior and Inferior Transseptal Puncture Site when Operating the Cryoballoon Ablation Catheter

Published on: June 15, 2015

Area of Science:

Medical Devices
Cardiovascular Interventions
Cryobiology

Background:

Cryoablation is used for pulmonary vein isolation.
Understanding differences between cryoballoon devices is crucial for effective treatment.
Tissue temperature dynamics during cryoablation require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare spatiotemporal tissue temperatures during cryoablation using two commercial cryoballoons.
To evaluate the performance of Arctic Front Advance Pro (AFA-Pro) and POLARx FIT cryoballoons.
To assess temperature distribution and trends in pulmonary vein models.

Main Methods:

An in vitro pulmonary vein model using porcine myocardial tissue was created.
Multitemperature sensors assessed tissue temperatures during cryoablation.
Arctic Front Advance Pro (AFA-Pro) and POLARx FIT (28 and 31 mm) were tested.
Pulmonary vein occlusion was confirmed before ablation.

Main Results:

The POLARx FIT 28 mm demonstrated the lowest pulmonary vein force and achieved the lowest tissue temperature (-50.1°C) after 180 seconds.
Only the POLARx FIT 28 mm reached tissue temperatures below -50°C.
The POLARx FIT 31 mm created a significantly larger area with temperatures of -30°C or lower.

Conclusions:

The POLARx FIT 28 mm cryoballoon achieved the most significant tissue temperature reduction.
The POLARx FIT 31 mm created a broader area of cooled tissue.
Device selection may influence cryoablation efficacy and lesion creation.