Green Approach to Carbon-Steel Electropolishing in Phosphoric Acid Using Green Algae-Nano Silver Composites

A study was conducted to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using marine green algae and to explore their electrochemical application in mild steel electropolishing in phosphoric acid as leveling and smoothing agents. The composite was prepared from the marine green alga Ulva linza (U. linza) and Ulva lactuca (U. lactuca) which were enhanced by synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The marine green alga Ulva used was collected from the Arabian GulfSaudi Arabia and Abou Quire GulfEgypt. The green algae-nano silver composites feature was investigated via FTIR, SEM, particle size, and EDX. It was observed that the percentage of nano silver produced using green algae (U. linza) 3.5% is greater than that using green algae (U. lactuca) 1.5%. It is perceived that the particle of nano silver produced using green algae (U. linza) 26 nm is less than that using green algae (U. lactuca) 33 nm, which reflect that green algae (U. linza) containsa self-reduction property that transformed silver ions, Ag⁺, to metal nano silver Ag, more than green algae (U. lactuca). The novel, eco-friendly, and cost-effective green algae-nano silver composites were used as additives for steel electrodissolution performance, which was investigated via the potential of anode-limiting current association and comparison of regularly cumulative nanocomposites concentration (30-300 ppm). The limiting current, I _L, diminishes, while retardation effectiveness percent rises as the green algae-nano silver composite concentration rises. The nanocomposites retardation behavior is dependent on adsorption development at the carbon steel surface that was confirmed via SEM, FTIR, and roughness values. The reaction energy of activation (E _a) and activation constraints (ΔH*, ΔS*, and ΔG*) were computed and reflect strong interaction behavior among the green algae-nano silver composites and the steel surface. Consequently, on the basis of microscopy investigation of the designated green algae-Ag NPs composites' addition to carbon steel polishing bath, probably ensuring the electrolyte displays, discrete progress in the carbon steel surface texture has been observed. Enhancement was produced in the electropolishing electrolyte via the inspected green algae-Ag NPs composites as shown in SEM images, and this result was confirmed by reflectance analysis and roughness measurements. Biological or green synthesis of silver nanoparticles methods effectively surpasses the limitations of both physical and chemical methods. The investigation into AgNPs has sustained to increase, giving rise to novel tenders in medical, industrial, and environmental applications.