Posterior Decompression and Stabilization in Thoracic and Lumbar Spinal Tuberculosis: A Prospective Observational...

Area of Science:

• Spine surgery
• Infectious diseases
• Orthopedics

Background:

• Spinal tuberculosis (TB) is a prevalent global infection causing neurological deficits and deformity.
• Anti-tubercular therapy (ATT) is primary, but surgery is vital for neurological deterioration or instability.
• Posterior decompression and stabilization offer a safe and effective surgical solution.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess functional and radiological outcomes of posterior decompression and stabilization in thoracic and lumbar spinal TB patients.
• To evaluate the efficacy of this surgical technique in managing spinal TB complications.

Main Methods:

• A prospective observational study of 30 spinal TB patients (thoracic/lumbar) from July 2022 to December 2023.
• Surgical indications included neurological decline or lack of response to ATT.
• Outcomes measured via VAS, ASIA scale, Prolo scale, kyphotic angle, Bridewell grading, and inflammatory markers (ESR, CRP).

Main Results:

• Significant improvement in Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain scores (mean 2.33).
• Mean kyphotic correction of 11.7°, with good maintenance at follow-up.
• 50% excellent functional recovery (Prolo scale) and 57.1% Grade I fusion (Bridewell criteria).

Conclusions:

• Posterior decompression and stabilization are safe and effective for thoracolumbar spinal TB.
• The procedure ensures reliable decompression, neurological recovery, and deformity correction.
• It facilitates early mobilization, shorter hospital stays, and minimal complications, proving valuable in resource-limited settings.