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Related Concept Videos

Decision Making01:20

Decision Making

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Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
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Decision-making trades off learned and perceived information.

Tal Nahari1,2,3, Boaz Rozenberg4, Yoni Pertzov4

  • 1Cognitive and Brain sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem.

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Summary

Cognitive science reveals a trade-off in decision-making: relying more on internal memory (learned information) means gathering less external sensory input (perceived information). This balance optimizes how we use past knowledge and current perception.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Science
  • Neuroscience
  • Decision Making

Background:

  • Decision-making integrates internal memory and external sensory input.
  • A key question is how these two information sources are balanced.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the trade-off between learned and perceived information during decision-making.
  • To understand how cognitive processes balance internal memory recall and external perception.

Main Methods:

  • A two-armed bandit task was employed, with each option comprising learned and perceived elements.
  • Eye-tracking monitored participants' gathering of perceptual information.
  • Computational modeling analyzed information gathering strategies.

Main Results:

  • A significant trade-off was observed: increased reliance on learned information correlated with decreased gathering of perceptual information.
  • Gaze patterns confirmed this inverse relationship between utilizing memory and perception.
  • Modeling suggested learned information is gathered faster, reducing the incentive to seek more perceptual data.

Conclusions:

  • Humans dynamically balance learned and perceived information, influenced by the efficiency of information extraction.
  • The tendency to favor internal memory or external perception appears to be a stable individual trait.
  • These findings illuminate the cognitive mechanisms underlying the integration of memory and perception in decision-making.