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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 10, 2026

Author Spotlight: Assessing the Olfactory Effects of Airborne Pollutants — Buried Food and Social Odor Tests
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IMPAIRED OLFACTORY FUNCTION IN SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER.

Clara U Raithel1, Garrick T Sherman1, David H Epstein1

  • 1National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Blvd, Baltimore, MD 21224.

Medrxiv : the Preprint Server for Health Sciences
|November 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Individuals with substance use disorders (SUDs) show impaired odor identification compared to controls. While overall olfactory thresholds didn't differ, men with SUDs had higher thresholds, suggesting sex-specific olfactory deficits.

Keywords:
chemical sensesdrug useolfaction

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Olfactory function is crucial for motivated behaviors.
  • Impaired olfaction is linked to major depressive disorder and alcohol use disorder (AUD).
  • The impact of olfactory function on other substance use disorders (SUDs) remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between olfactory function and SUDs excluding AUD.
  • To compare olfactory identification and threshold performance in individuals with SUDs versus controls.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Sniffin' Sticks test for odor identification and olfactory threshold assessment.
  • Compared 40 individuals with SUDs (excluding AUD) against 112 healthy controls.
  • Employed linear regression analysis, controlling for age, sex, and smoking status.

Main Results:

  • Individuals with SUDs demonstrated significantly lower odor identification scores than controls.
  • No significant overall difference in olfactory thresholds was observed between groups.
  • Exploratory analysis revealed lower olfactory thresholds (higher sensitivity) in men with SUDs compared to male controls, a difference not seen in women.

Conclusions:

  • Olfactory identification deficits are associated with SUDs (excluding AUD).
  • Sex-specific differences in olfactory thresholds may exist within SUD populations.
  • Further longitudinal research is needed to understand the temporal relationship between olfaction and SUD development.