Textile Metamaterials for Smart Adaptive Stealth

The comprehensive advancements in detection equipment highlight the paramount importance of smart adaptive stealth technology in military defense, while the advent of textile metamaterials has brought boundless potential for the revolution in stealth performance. Textiles have emerged as the ideal substrates for superior stealth materials, owing to their distinctive properties such as low density, softness, breathability, shape adaptability and environmental friendliness. This review systematically analyzes the fundamental mechanisms of stealth technologies across different frequency bands, focusing on the synergistic interactions between functional nano materials and textile substrates. A thorough investigation of material-structure-performance correlations critically reveals key technological limitations, while analysis of emerging trends provides foundational insights for developing next-generation adaptive stealth textiles.