Iatrogenic Botulism Following Botulinum Toxin Injection in a Child With Cerebral Palsy: A Case Report

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Pediatrics
• Toxicology

Background:

• Botulinum toxin injections are a common treatment for spasticity in pediatric cerebral palsy.
• While generally safe, rare systemic complications like iatrogenic botulism can occur.

Purpose of the Study:

• To present a case of iatrogenic botulism in a child treated with botulinum toxin A.
• To highlight the importance of recognizing and treating this rare complication.

Main Methods:

• Case report of an 8-year-old boy with cerebral palsy.
• Clinical observation of symptoms post-botulinum toxin A (Dysport) injection.
• Administration of botulinum antitoxin and monitoring of recovery.

Main Results:

• The patient developed global muscle weakness, ptosis, dysphagia, and respiratory distress, consistent with iatrogenic botulism.
• Treatment with botulinum antitoxin led to gradual clinical improvement.
• Sequential photos documented the patient's recovery.

Conclusions:

• Iatrogenic botulism should be considered in pediatric patients with new-onset bulbar or respiratory symptoms after botulinum toxin injections.
• Early diagnosis and prompt antitoxin administration are vital for favorable outcomes.