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Published on: November 9, 2019
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Carbonyl Modifying Bridge Strategy: Constructing High-Energy and Low-Sensitivity Energetic Materials
Yiling Yang1, Wenjin Zhang1, He Huang1
1School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|November 24, 2025
Summary
The carbonyl bridge strategy enhances energetic compounds, yielding bis(3,5-dinitro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methanone (4) with high density, thermal stability, and low sensitivity. This approach offers a superior method for developing advanced energetic materials.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Chemical Engineering
- Organic Chemistry
Background:
- Bridged-ring strategies are common for improving energetic compounds.
- Modifying bridging methods can introduce performance uncertainties and require resynthesis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the carbonyl modifying bridge strategy for energetic compounds.
- To develop novel energetic materials with enhanced stability, performance, and reduced sensitivity.
Main Methods:
- Synthesis and characterization of novel energetic compounds using the carbonyl bridge strategy.
- Evaluation of density, thermal stability, detonation performance, and sensitivity.
- Theoretical and experimental analysis of structure-property relationships.
Main Results:
- Compound 4 (bis(3,5-dinitro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methanone) showed high density (1.91 g/cm³), thermal stability (270 °C), detonation velocity (8579 m/s), and low sensitivity (>40 J).
- Amino-functionalized compound 7 exhibited improved thermal stability (243 °C).
- Derivatives of compound 4 outperformed HL-9, confirming the strategy's efficacy.
Conclusions:
- The carbonyl modifying bridge strategy is effective for enhancing energetic compounds.
- Introducing conjugation effects via bridge modification comprehensively improves energetic material performance.
- This strategy offers a pathway to potential insensitive explosives with superior properties.
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