Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 10, 2026

Author Spotlight: Enhancement of Salient Object Detection for Smart Grid Applications

Author Spotlight: Enhancement of Salient Object Detection for Smart Grid Applications

Published on: December 15, 2023

Multilayer nonlinear diffraction neural networks with programmable and fast ReLU activation function.

Yu Ming Ning^1,2,3, Qian Ma^4,5, Qiang Xiao^1,2

¹State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves and Institute of Electromagnetic Space, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.

Nature Communications

|November 24, 2025

Summary

Related Concept Videos

Neural Circuits

Neural Circuits

Neural circuits and neuronal pools are two of the main structures found in the nervous system. Neural circuits are networks of neurons that work together to carry out a specific task or process. They consist of interconnected neurons and glial cells, which provide structural and metabolic support.
Neuronal pools are collections of nerve cells with similar functions and interact through chemical and electrical signals. These pools include both interneurons (the central neural circuit nodes that...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Exploring the metabolic characteristics of fresh-cut sweet potatoes at different storage times based on untargeted metabolomics.

Food chemistry: X·2026

Same author

Conformal, transparent, and efficient MXene grid antennas for flexible wireless electronics.

Science advances·2026

Same author

Comparative study on the efficacy and underlying mechanisms of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Lonicerae Flos in Shuanghuanglian formula against acute lung injury.

Journal of ethnopharmacology·2026

Same author

External Photosensitizer-Free, Purple Light-Mediated C-H Alkylation of Heterocycles with Unactivated Alkyl Iodides.

The Journal of organic chemistry·2026

Same author

Heteronuclear Neighboring Co-Mn Single-Atom Pairs as a Synergistic Platform for Oxidative C-H Functionalization.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026

Same author

Impaired lipoprotein secretion by APOE4 leads to lysosomal and mitochondrial dysfunction in human microglia.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same journal

Interplay between oxygen redox and interfacial stability of Li-rich positive electrodes in sulfide-based all-solid-state batteries.

Nature communications·2026

Same journal

Breaking dependence on melanisation imparts diversity to a dogmatic invasion strategy of phytopathogenic fungi.

Nature communications·2026

Same journal

Hydroxyl-rich nanocavities on perovskite enable nearly barrierless intramolecular hydrogen transfer for nitrate electroreduction to ammonia.

Nature communications·2026

Same journal

Household mobility responses to weather extremes in Kyrgyzstan.

Nature communications·2026

Same journal

Autonomous Motion Vision with Tri-bulk-heterojunctioned Organic Adaptation Transistor.

Nature communications·2026

Same journal

Tissue-adhesive hydrogel optical fiber for peripheral optogenetic neuromodulation.

Nature communications·2026

See all related articles

This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a novel microwave nonlinear neural network using programmable metasurfaces. This innovation significantly boosts speed and reduces power consumption for machine learning applications like image classification.

Area of Science:

Artificial Intelligence
Electromagnetics
Materials Science

Background:

Optical diffractive neural networks offer speed and energy efficiency gains.
Nonlinear activation functions present challenges like latency and high power consumption, hindering practical deployment.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose a programmable multilayer full-space nonlinear neural network operating in the microwave frequency band.
To overcome the limitations of existing nonlinear activation functions in neural networks.

Main Methods:

Constructed nonlinear layers using programmable metasurfaces integrated with RF components.
Implemented a ReLU-like nonlinear activation function.
Operated the system in the microwave frequency band.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 10, 2026

Author Spotlight: Enhancement of Salient Object Detection for Smart Grid Applications

Author Spotlight: Enhancement of Salient Object Detection for Smart Grid Applications

Published on: December 15, 2023

Main Results:

Achieved a nanosecond-scale delay (17.7 ns), significantly faster than photoelectric methods.
Demonstrated reconfigurable nonlinear activation functions with low thresholds.
Showcased effective image classification and real-time human posture recognition.

Conclusions:

The proposed microwave nonlinear neural network offers low latency, high speed, and low power consumption.
The flexible nonlinear activation capabilities make it promising for various applications.
This architecture advances the practical deployment of efficient machine learning.