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Cohort profile: the pharmacogenomics and pharmacokinetics study in Ghanaian HIV patients (GenoPharm-GH)

Nicholas Ekow Thomford1,2,3,4, Oksana Ryabinina5,6, Joel Adu Twum5

  • 1Pharmacogenomics and Genomic Medicine Group, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana. nthomford@ucc.edu.gh.

BMC Genomic Data
|November 25, 2025
PubMed

Insights

The GenoPharm-GH study tracks HIV treatment in Ghana, analyzing genetics and comorbidities to improve patient outcomes. Ongoing research aims to personalize antiretroviral therapy for better results.

Area of Science:

  • HIV/AIDS Research
  • Pharmacogenetics
  • Public Health in Ghana

Background:

  • The GenoPharm-GH project, initiated in 2019, is a longitudinal, multi-site observational cohort study.
  • It aims to understand how host genetics, pharmacokinetics, and comorbidities affect treatment outcomes in people living with HIV (PLWH) in Ghana.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of host genetics on antiretroviral therapy (ART) response.
  • To assess the impact of pharmacokinetics and comorbidities on treatment outcomes.
  • To bridge knowledge gaps in HIV management within the Ghanaian context.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective, longitudinal, multi-site cohort study involving over 2044 PLWH (aged ≥ 8 years) on ART.
  • Data collection includes viral suppression, adherence, clinical data, genetic variations, coinfections, and comorbidities.
  • Samples are stored in a biorepository for ongoing and future analyses.

Main Results:

  • Over 95% of participants are on dolutegravir-based ART, with 58% achieving viral loads <50 copies/mL.
  • 10-15% experience virologic failure (>1000cp/mL).
  • Pharmacogenetic data (CYP3A4, CYP3A5, UGT1A1, ApoE) and metabolite profiling for dolutegravir have been determined. Common coinfections and comorbidities include viral hepatitis, TB, pneumonia, diabetes, and hypertension.

Conclusions:

  • The study offers a platform for translational HIV research, informing policy and improving long-term outcomes.
  • Expanding biobanking and follow-up will enhance understanding of treatment dynamics and support personalized HIV care.
  • Regular data updates are crucial for understanding treatment outcome dynamics and guiding therapeutic interventions.
Abstract

Keywords:
BiorepositoriesDolutegravirHIVPLWHPharmacokinetics

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