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Assessment of Child Anthropometry in a Large Epidemiologic Study
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Health terminators in working children: a critical ethnography.
Haleh Jafari1, Nahid Dehghan Nayeri2, Serge Brand3,4,5,6,7,8
1Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
International Journal for Equity in Health
|November 25, 2025
Summary
Working children face numerous "health terminators" including cultural beliefs, risky behaviors, and environmental hazards. Addressing these factors through culturally sensitive policies and interventions is crucial for improving their health and well-being.
Area of Science:
- Child Health Research
- Public Health
- Sociology of Health
Background:
- Working children's health is influenced by complex cultural, behavioral, and environmental factors.
- Identifying these
- health terminators
- is vital for effective intervention strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To critically analyze the factors undermining the physical and mental health of working children.
- To understand the interplay of cultural, behavioral, and environmental determinants on child labor health outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Qualitative critical ethnographic design over four years in Tehran.
- Data collection via participant observation, interviews with children (10-18) and key informants, and document analysis.
- Rigorous data analysis using Carspecken's framework with triangulation and member checking for trustworthiness.
Main Results:
- Five key
- health terminator
- categories identified: cultural beliefs, self-harming behaviors, unhealthy environments, neglect, and social abandonment.
- Specific issues included superstition, risky behaviors, poor housing, and limited access to healthcare.
- Analysis of 3,057 codes revealed significant vulnerabilities in working children's health.
Conclusions:
- Working children experience multifaceted health risks from cultural, behavioral, and structural factors.
- Comprehensive, equity-focused policies are needed to address physical, cultural, behavioral, and environmental needs.
- Culturally sensitive education, improved living conditions, health insurance, and social support can enhance health equity for marginalized children.
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